Paving apparatus.



R. D. BAKER.

' PAVING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED APR. 2, 1913 1 089 82 Patented Mar. 3, 191.4.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

gum/Moe ffobemflflakar alm/M R. D. BAKER.

PAVING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED 1012,1913

1,089, 1 82, Patented Mar. 3, 1914.

2 wins-SHEET 2 E5 :5 E I 3/ ULJLJ WITNESSES I 4 INVENTOR FaberZ'Ba/wr Q J ALA/1m armore UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT D. BAKER, 015 DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

PAVING APPARATUS.

To all whom it may concern;

' Be it known that I, ROBERT D. BAKER, a citizen" of the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Paving Apparatus,

of which the following is a specification.

Thisain'vention relates to paving apparatus; and 'sit has to do more particularly.

with a paratus for forming and placing oints lnconcrete pavements; and

. it comprises means for receiving and rigidly I, determine I bed on which theconcrete pavement is to be holding the plates or similar armoring members forming the paving joint, and for supportin the members thus held in a pred position relative to the road 1aid','the supporting means being detachable from the joint members after paving material has been placed infinal position around said armoring members; all as more v fully hereinafterset forth and as claimed.

' pansion and contraction. If such joints are. 80-

In laying concrete pavements comprising mixtures of cement, sand, broken stone, etc.,: .25

with or without the addition ofothermaterials' such asasphalt and the like, it, is necessary in'practice to provide joints at intervals'in the pavement to provide for ex not provided the pavement is apt to crack or heave as the result of contraction or expansion due to temperature changes. In providing such expansion joints it has been found necessary to protect the edges of the joints, as for example by facing the joints with iron or steel plates in order to prevent undue wear and crumbling away of the joint edges when the pavement is subjected to the wear of traffic. Unless the pavement points are ,thus armored in someway, the corners of the joints become worn away by the constant pounding of traili'c, and depressions or rats are prone to form at these localities, thus .destroyingthe desired uniformity and smoothness of the roadway.

One method of armoring concrete pavement joints which has found considerable application in practice, is arrange paral- ,lel iron or. steel plates embedded and'anchored, as to. their non-adjacent sides, in the concrete materials of the pavement, and

' their adjacent side s being spaced apart a sections. It is'usually advantageous to fillpaper, pitch, asphalt, etc., which, while preyenting the access of undesirable materials 1nt0 the oint, is itself sufliciently yielding pansion and contraction of the pavement. The upper edges of these plates should be as nearly flush with the surface of the fin- 'Obviously if the plates project above the roadway, they will form irregularities in the pavement which are extremely undesirabie; while on the other hand, if they terminate below the surface of the avement, the unprotected edges of the oints before described. If the plates be made "of metal having the proper degree of softness, and if the plates be so placed that their upper edges are just flush with the surface of the finished pavement, the concrete pavement and the exposed edges of the armor uniform rate, the smoothness of the originally finished pavement being thus preserved until the pavement is worn out- In practice it is exceedingly difficult to -place the armor plates in just the proper factory results in the finished pavement. It has been customary heretofore to set the plates on edge on the'prepared road bed spaced apart as by temporary steel division plates, asphalt felt, paper, or the like, and clamped together into a rigid assemblage.

roadbed by means of-stakes driven intothe staggered or alternating arrangement, and

blocking up, or by stakes driven into the being adjusted until the upper edges of the armor plates are found by comparison with. a line of reference of some kind, such asv a, cord stretched across the road, to be at just the proper elevation. The concrete is then placed on either side of-the air of armor plates, prongs or projections rom the plates being generally provided to insure proper. anchorage for the plates. The concrete having been placed around on bothsidesof the armor joint to the proper depth and in character not to interfere with the ex plates wear down together at a practically position required to give the most satis-- and transversely thereof, the plates being' This assemblage is then lined up across the is supported from below by the ground, by

Patented Mar. 3, 1914. Application filed April 2, 1913. Serial No. 758,422. I

the space between the plates with felt,

ished roadway as it is possible to place them.

above them Wlll wear away to form ruts as roadbed on both sides of the assemblage in ground, these various supporting means,

properly tamped, it is then smoothed off 1.

pavcmcnt.

(l a 1' lo to it or die oi tho g onito,

comparatively simplo chonocter 10.1 corvying outthc operation of placing these joints with substantially absolute accuracy.

Briefly described, the present apparatus consists of a rigid. snppoz ting member ad oil to he placed transversely of o- XGfL-il and. Whose shops is :tdvo'sitogoously such to conform to tho of the finished pavement. This supportingineons is provided with any suitable type of gripping or clamping moons :nicpteti to cng'gagc and. hold the upper edges and sides of tho i-I'YKMJI joint mcmhcis,v anti to suspend tho ocross the roadway at any desired cxnct elevation corrospoi'iciing to that z'oqniifotl by the elevation of the finished pavement sonfaco. The Whole a ibiago may conveniently he held by lnii'igoi's ily clamped to tho suppom'zing moons at tho cncls thereof, The members which i'h ffifiliiz the oirnioirod joint are tons hold fiXGCllf flli' position until the concrete is ploccd. around them and properly smootiiocl off, whereupon the supportin member is rcmovcdf by 2x1 leasing; the. pmto cloniping means, lea" the joint plzitcs with their upper o ig .ictly flush. with the ii .lV'

turoi rigid: ammo: plot 5 mac hold tmnsvcrso to the food Inftho 'sccoopan;

moi typical embodiment of apparawithin the scope of the present ings, 1 "shows the apncl holding the armor plates .ispcnoing them 111 final oplan view of Fig. 1; 1g.

rcquirecl elevation across a roadwa' is transverse section through t o ting bar on a somewhat lar enscale pong the details of a typical (i across a ir aadwayginin apparatus in. position holding' nor plates in proper posltlon and at; 75

limping ilovicc; Fig. is a similar section showing 6 modified form of so ortin bar and clamping device; Fig. 6 is a fragmentary devotional perspective of a modified igorm of the apparatus; Fi 7 is a frag mentorv sidoolevation'of another modifica-' tion; Fig 8 is ii/sideelcva-tion ofopparam in. truss form; and Figs. 9 and. 10 are .iool completed pavement joints. Ii-efcrrin tothc drawings, 1 is a Thai curved slig tly to conform approximately to the required road crowning and comprjsmg a, central vertical web 1* and hOllZOlltEl web 3}, and conveniently provided at each end with an extension 2 by means-of WhlCh m, noted that the bar here s own is so curved *1 its smooth face 3 is on the inner ore on cove side havin the shorter radius. Suitably secured to t e T-bar at suitdbly spaod intervals and projecting 'from the-smooth or fiat face thereof are located pegs or clampiog abutmcnts. Opposite each of these, pegs is locatcd an eccentric cz1m5 rigidly 'secured. to stud 6, which extends throiwh the horizontal web of the T and is provi ed on 1 tho under side with a fined hub Z in which; are holes or recesses 8 into which may be i nsorted a bar for turning the stud and'henco the bar ma Y be s'uitahl su ontd; It is to, 3 y El the eccentric com into kicking position as shown in full lines in Fig. 4.- or mtoidle or inoperative position as indicated 'by dotted 1 lines. in the same figure. As shown, the stationzny peg and its corresponding eccentric com arc best located on o posite sidesof control axis of the T, 21ml on the side oppo-li site to the vertical web. The form of clamp shown iIi-Fig. with fiat armor: plates. Where the armorpla tes arc of particular 4 Is for use cross section, eccentric cams 9 and I10, Fig. n

5) suitably modified to conform to the s a of the bars employed, are provided; b0 h members of the-pair boing'rotatably mount- Gil in this case. The inn'r or concave side' th hm. may also be provided at intervals 1 'ccting lugs lQ 'to aid in propcrly i spa tho angular bars and prese'rving moment thereof.

criberl. is as f0 lows:

first placed in inverted position as shown in Figs. 1 and 4 with the clamping means uppermost. Flat armor plates 11 orarrgular subsequently to be flush with the finished.

pavement surface, substantially in abut-- ment'jwith'the inner or concave surface of the bar. Between the bars ma be placed paper, felt, asphalt felt, or t er suitable spacing material 13, and the cam clamps are then tightened so as 'to gripfthe plates firmly. Instead of such spacing material, temporary steel division plates may be used. The Tbar, carrying the clamped armor plates, is tluninverted and supported across the 'r adway in the manner shown in Fig. The points 1%, which may be on curbs or side rails, at which the T-bar is sup-' ported should be selected or provided so that when the apparatus is in theposition shown in Fig. 3, the upper edges of the armor plates are at the exact elevation at which they are required to he in the finished pavement.- It will thus be seen thatin this position the lower flat face of the bar serves as a gagcfby reference to which the concrete may be lald to the proper depth. This tace also functions as edgealining or stop means;

in the. operation ,of assembling the .armor plates therewith as illustrated in Figs. 1 ands, the wearing edges of the plates being automatically brought into exactly the proper alinemeut by abutment with said face. When the armor plates have been suspended over the roadway in this manner, the concrete or other pavement material is then placed in position on both .sides of the oint and is tamped and packed in.'closely on both sides of and under the armor plates, and aga nst the spacing ma-.

terial separating; the pavement sections.

The plates may he provided with projecting prongs'or spin-s 1.5 which become em bedded in the concrete on the non-adjacent sides ofgthe plates firmly anchoring the plates in position. When this hasbeen done; the clamps gripping the plate edges are loosened by rotating the eccentric cams, the placing device is li tied and removed, and the pavement surface adjacent the armored joint is smoothed to grade in any suitable Way, there being generally sullirieut excess concrete adjacent the joint to [ill in the spaces which were occupied by the'clanups and leave the pavement surface exactl y flush with the upper edges of the armor plates. If ttll'lpt'il'ttl'y division plates have been used to space the armor plates apart, these may be removed'after the concrete is sufficiently hard to walk upon, and the crevices between the armor plates may thenbe filled with asphalt, tar or thelike. lVhere vtelt or paper has been employed as the spacing material, this may be allowed to remain per inanently between the armor plates, and

if necessary, tar, asphalt etc., may be also used to insure complete filling of the joint creyices and tosecure aperfeetly 'smoothm outer surface at the joint. Figs. v9 and 10' illustrate typical armor joints obtained by.

the method just described.

In Itig. 9 the armor members are s Wed apart by felt l3 or the like, for whic 1 can be substituted tar, asphalt, etc., as stated; In the-joint shown inv Fig. 10, asphalt or tar 13 is used in conji.iuction.with' feltto completely till the trough-like lipPIfiend of A the crevice. v

Fig. o'illustrates a modified form of apconstruction of concrete. roadways each end. with a, depending member 20 suitably recessed or otherwise. suitably shaped for engagement witha temporary s de rail E21, and spike or stake E22. extends below such recessed member tor the purpose of projecting into the ground and 'temporarily.

listing the apparatus in the desired position across the roadway. The T.-bar carries clamps as before, and an armor plate 23 is shown suspended in place above a roadway, the earth grade beingindicatedbyline 24.

Fig. 7 shows another form which the sup porting, bar may lake. in this instance the T-bar 26, instead of being provided .w-i'th rojei.-ting supportingmembers at. its ends,

may heiheld in place by ad justable cla1nping-' means eonuuusing,gripping jaws 27 arranged to engage the vertical web of the T-bar, pro ecting arm being arrangedto be supported in any suitable manner; as

upon curbs, al the side ol the roarl\\'uy. An ad ustable tightening bolt or similar means 29 is 'irovuled l'or tightening or loosening the clamping jaws, thus permitting accurate vertical adjustment of the T-bar in the hanger. i Fig. 8 illustrates a somewhat more plex 'lorm oil'supportiug apparatus in which a straight upper bar'ittl is connectedj'by comlie

shortbraces or struts 31 to a curved bar of flat rectangular .sectionf carrying the armor plate clamping means. This gives a. truss like' structure of great strength and- ,rigidity' which is very useful. for some The ends of the straight classes ofwork. bar 30 may be supported across thelroadway by curbs as shown, or by adjustable hangers or other equivalent supportingmeans.

While the supporting bars hereinbefore described are for the most part in the-form" of T -ba'rs, it is obvious that this particular type: of bar 4 is not absolutely essential, altl'iough it is extremely convenient. Other shaped sectionsasuch as I-beams, channels, and the like, may also be used but are not so advantageous.

( r (lb (1 M substantially mcinhei' adafcd to a roadway and provided with ans In? receiving and suspending }oi 'i'3.talloying l U oped to in: ap i, 311M1110f'ti1@;,fi'ili5l18(ip5): g; ml

adapted to serve as a gage thercifor.

.t for cor stzi'ucting armored pavement oints comprising a substantially d supporting tr;msversgly of a iiioadway and provided with means 'aoematoiy alining the upper or wearing edges the jointmnnoring plates to he supported thezrehy, and means on said member adapted to engo/ e such joint-annoying plates and to suspend the same at :1 nfcdetcrmined elevation above a roadway.

1:.A'pparatus for constructing armored pavement joints comprising", in combination, hm? adagted to be placed over a roadway and having a substantially flat lower face,

and means for securing a joint aw'noring member thereto with its upper or wearing edge atmlting against. said face.

5" Apparatus for constructing armored 'pavoment joints cranpi'ising a. supporting beam, and 51 alnping means mounted thereon and extending therebelow and arranged to engage and hold joint-armoring means 'wlwlly below said beam.

(5. Apparatus for coi'astlucting armored entjoiz'lts comprising a supporting ada 'ztcd to extend across a yoadway If'VtTiLt to conform approximately to the erse contour thereof, and a plurality mood clamping means mounted on ma pai cnlent joints which comprises a support-7 "i'ng member adapted to exten' pavement joints comprising a supporting o'fSnid bar for operating said clamping beam an'dcxtcm iing i-h ll zcant-mateclung mcnmers w i; joints com n'ising a t efm-n'gnng means 211 anged ont'ho 1311101 69 Ming llfillilh' mating members thta'cto. 8. Apparatus i'or constructing armored pavement oints comprising substantially rigid supporting means adapted to span a i'oadway, clamping means carried therehy' for engaging tie upper edges a pair of armor plates and anrangcd in curved aline-. merit corresponding approximately to the 1% ri uirod crowning of the finished surface of '70 such roadway, and means for accurately adinsting the heightof the a scn'zl'ilagc above the roadway.

9t vApparatus for constructing armored ice adapted to be mounted above it away and provided with stop means, and

means for clamping a joint-armoring member to said supporting device- With the upper or Wearing edges in abutment with said stop 10. Apparatus for constructing armored pavement joints comprising a supporting 'dcvixi'ehavinga clamping abutment and anahatmenofor alining the Wearingfedge of a joinoarmoring member, and moans for clamping a joint-armoring member against" both said abntments. I

11. Apparatus for constructing armored bar, provided with clamping mcanson one face orside thereof for holding armoring members, and means located on another side incans.

12. Apparatus for constructing armored pavement joints comprising a supporting bar, rotatablc eceentric clamping means lnmgmted on one face or side thereof for hold ing armoringgmembers, and means on another face of said bar and connected to such rotatablemeans for operatin the latter.

In testimony whereof, I a 1x my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' ROBERT D. BAKER.

is itnesses: 4 JAMES M. BAKER,

ARCI-IIBALD G. BAKER. 

